Cov khoom siv titaniumnpaj rau tib neeg implantation yuav tsum yog kev kho mob-qib zoo, nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov qauv ASTM thiab ISO rau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob. Cov qauv no tsim cov kev cai nruj heev txog cov ntsiab lus impurity, mechanical zog, thiab biocompatibility. Standard industrial-qib titanium (xws li Qib 2 lossis Qib 5 titanium ib tus qauv ASTM B348) yog txwv tsis pub siv rau hauv tib neeg kev cog qoob loo; cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no tsis ua raws li cov qauv tsim nyog rau kev tswj hwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus interstitial thiab impurities, nrog rau biocompatibility, ua rau muaj mob hnyav.
Cov npe hauv qab no qhia txog cov qib titanium uas feem ntau siv hauv kev kho mob cog qoob loo thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau lawv cov qauv sib xws thiab cov ntawv thov thawj. Tag nrho cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv kho mob raws qib uas tau lees paub los ntawm FDA thiab CE.
1. Kev lag luam Pure Titanium (CP-Ti) rau kev siv kho mob
Cov Qauv: ASTM F67 / ISO 5832-2
Muab faib ua plaub qib raws li cov ntsiab lus interstitial; Qib 1, 2, thiab 4 yog feem ntau siv rau kev cog hniav kho mob. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb suav nrog kev ua kom zoo dua biocompatibility, zoo heev osseointegration, tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm lub cev kua, thiab zoo formability.
2. Classic + Hom Kho Mob Titanium Alloys
Tam sim no cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev cog cov kabmob orthopedic, cov hlau no muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tag nrho ntawm lub zog, qaug zog, thiab kev ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm raws li "tus qauv kub" qeb ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloys.
(1) Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Qib 23)
Cov Qauv: ASTM F136 / ISO 5832-3
- Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: "ELI" sawv cev rau "Ntxiv Tsawg Interstitial" (nrog kev txwv nruj ntawm cov pa oxygen, hlau, thiab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus). Piv nrog rau qib industrial-qib Ti-6Al-4V (Qib 5), nws muaj kev txhim kho toughness, qaug zog lub zog, thiab kev nyab xeeb mus sij hawm ntev rau cog. Nws muaj tag nrho cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo heev thiab tau raug lees paub zoo los ntawm ntau tshaj 50 xyoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob.
- Cov ntawv thov kev cog hniav tseem ceeb:
- Orthopedics: Artificial hip stems, lub hauv caug sib koom ua ke, txha caj qaum sab hauv kho tshuab (pedicle screws, txuas rods, interbody fusion cages), load-bearing orthopedic trauma daim hlau, thiab intramedullary rau tes.
- Kev Kho Hniav: High-load kho hniav implants thiab prosthetic Cheebtsam.
- Lwm yam: Cov tshuaj kis las ncaws pob, lub plawv valve stents, thiab cov cuab yeej phais orthopedic.
(2) Ti-6Al-7Nb
Txheem: ASTM F1295 / ISO 5832-11
- Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: Ib qho tsis muaj vanadium alloy tsim los tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo cytotoxic cuam tshuam nrog vanadium, ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm biocompatibility. Nws cov khoom siv tshuab yog piv rau cov Ti-6Al-4V ELI, thiab nws txaus siab rau qib siab ntawm kev lees txais hauv European lag luam.
- Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Tso Npe Tseem Ceeb: Cov pob qij txha, cov khoom siv kho cov leeg txha caj qaum, kev cog hniav, thiab lwm yam kev cog qoob loo mus ntev uas yuav tsum muaj qib siab dua ntawm biocompatibility.
3. Tsawg-Modulus -Hom Kho Mob Titanium Alloys
Ib tiam tshiab ntawm titanium cov ntaub ntawv rau kev cog qoob loo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim los hais txog "kev nyuaj siab tiv thaiv" cov nyhuv uas muaj cov titanium alloys ib txwm muaj; Qhov no sawv cev rau yav tom ntej kev taw qhia rau orthopedic implant technology. - Qhov tseem ceeb kom zoo dua: Ib qho elastic modulus ntawm kwv yees li 70–80 GPa-qhov tseem ceeb qis dua li Ti-6Al-4V (~ 110 GPa) thiab ze rau ntawm tib neeg cov pob txha cortical (10–30 GPa)-uas pab txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob txha thiab cov pob txha zoo li qub. rau cov neeg mob yau.
4. Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy (Nitinol)
Txuj: ASTM F2063
- Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: nthuav tawm cov duab cim cim xeeb thiab superelasticity, nrog rau kev qaug zog zoo heev. Rau kev kho mob-qib daim ntawv thov, nickel tso tawm yog nruj me ntsis tswj kom tau raws li biocompatibility yuav tsum tau rau implantation mus sij hawm ntev.
- Daim Ntawv Tso Cai Tseem Ceeb: Coronary/peripheral vascular stents, atrial septal defect (ASD) occluders, orthodontic archwires, shape memory pob txha fixation devices (xws li, patellar claws, clavicular hooks), gastrointestinal/biliary stents, and surgical hemostatic clips.
Cov ntsiab lus:
Lub logic rau cov khoom xaiv tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem:
High-load, daim ntawv thov mus sij hawm ntev (sib koom prostheses, intramedullary rau tes, txha caj qaum implants) → Qib 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) yog kev lag luam-tus qauv xaiv.
1. Cov ntawv thov qis qis, lossis cov uas cuam tshuam nrog cov pob txha lossis cov ntaub so ntswg (kho hniav, craniofacial, lossis cov khoom siv sab nraud) → Qib 1/2
2. Kev lag luam ntshiab titanium, nyiam rau nws cov ductility siab thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua.
3. High-end implants yuav tsum tau zam ntawm vanadium los yog ib tug qis elastic modulus → Vanadium-dawb alloys (xws li, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-13Nb-13Zr, Ti-15Mo).
E-mail:garychen3215@hotmail.com
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