Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem rau Titanium Alloy Vuam - Xov Xwm

Muaj ntau tus neeg siv khoom pem hauv ntej, thaum ua haujlwm nrogtitaniumthiab nws cov alloys thawj zaug, feem ntau poob rau hauv ib qho kev xav tsis zoo: vim hais tias lub arc ruaj khov, lub pas dej welding tseem pom tseeb, cov xaim muab tub lim nthuav tawm zoo heev ntub dej, thiab cov txiaj ntsig weld hlaws zoo li zoo tshaj rau cov pa roj carbon steel lossis stainless hlau, cov txheej txheem vuam nws tus kheej zoo nkaus li tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej-xws li pickling, penetrant testing, los yog txias-khoov kuaj-ib qhov ntim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag feem ntau los rau lub teeb: lub vuam nto yuav tsim cov xim xiav-violet oxide txheej, qhov saum npoo yuav pib hmoov los yog flake, thiab cov khoom yuav tawg tawm tam sim ntawd thaum kuaj kho khoov.

Nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag, kev vam meej los yog tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm titanium alloy welding tsis hinge rau tus neeg teb xov tooj txheej txheem; es, nws nyob ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm ob yam tseem ceeb: roj shielding thiab kev huv huv. Thaum tus kws kho qhov muag txiav txim siab pom qhov pom ntawm cov hlaws hlaws, cov roj thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev huv huv tswj xyuas lub vuam cov khoom siv, kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab kev pab cuam lub neej raws li cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab seb puas siv tau.

Tsab ntawv xov xwm no muab cov txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj ntawm kaum qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kuaj xyuas uas yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis thaum lub sij hawm titanium alloy vuam, ua raws li tag nrho cov kab ke ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw. Tag nrho cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam, ua rau lawv siv ncaj qha rau kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem kev lag luam, kev cob qhia welder, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm qhov chaw zoo.

Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, titanium yog tshuaj ruaj khov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kub siab tshaj 425 degree, nws tsim muaj kev sib raug zoo heev rau hydrogen, oxygen, thiab nitrogen-ua yeeb yam zoo li "lub twj tso kua mis siab". Yog tias lub pas dej molten lossis thaj chaw muaj kev kub ntxhov (HAZ) tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog huab cua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem degradation tshwm sim. Txhua yam ntawm peb cov gases no ua rau qee yam tsis xws luag:

1. Hydrogen-induced defects: Hydrogen dissolves rau hauv lub pas dej molten; Raws li cov hlau solidifies, nws solubility poob sharply. Lub resulting gas npuas yuav daig, tsim internal porosity. Tsis tas li ntawd, residual hydrogen ho txo cov ductility ntawm weld, feem ntau ua rau "sloj cracking" - ib qho tshwm sim uas cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim tom qab cov txheej txheem vuam tiav.

2. Oxygen-induced defects: Oxygen atoms yaj mus rau hauv titanium alloy lattice, ua rau lub zog ntawm cov weld thaum ua rau ib tug drastic poob ntawm ductility. Qhov no ua rau tag nrho embrittlement, feem ntau proved los ntawm ib tug grey los yog dub discoloration ntawm qhov chaw.

3. Nitrogen-induced defects: Nitrogen reacts nrog titanium los tsim titanium nitrides, uas yog heev nyuaj thiab nkig. Qhov no ua rau tag nrho poob ntawm weld toughness, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev (kev tawg lossis tawg) thaum cov khoom raug khoov lossis kev ntxhov siab.

Ib qho tseem ceeb kev lag luam tus qauv dictates tias lub pas dej ua ke molten, lub tshav kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam, thiab ob sab pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab lub weld yuav tsum tsis tu ncua shielded los ntawm ib tug inert roj. Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom txog thaum tag nrho cheeb tsam tau txias qis dua 425 degree. Cov txheej txheem xws li kev siv cov ntaub thaiv npog, backside argon purging, thiab txuas ntxiv roj-ntws lub sijhawm tom qab vuam yog tag nrho cov kev siv los xyuas kom meej qhov tseem ceeb qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Sib piv cov hlau hauv paus nrog cov xaim xaim tsim nyog yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej kom ntseeg tau qhov zoo ntawm cov titanium alloys. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub siv lub zog sib piv logic feem ntau siv rau cov hlau zoo tib yam-qhov twg lub zog siab dua yog xaiv tsis hais lub hauv paus hlau lub zog-rau titanium alloys.
Cov qib muab tub lim ntau tshaj plaws yog ERTi-1, ERTi-2, thiab ERTi-5. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib tw yog categorized raws li hauv qab no:
1. Rau cov txheej txheem corrosion-resistant los yog load-bearing qauv: Ua ntej ductility thiab toughness es tsis blindly nrhiav "sib npaug zog." Txij li cov txheej txheem tsis ua hauj lwm hauv titanium alloys feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm embrittlement lossis notch rhiab heev, siv ERTi-2 muab tub lim hlau nrog TA2 puag hlau-los yog xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo rau cov khoom tsis tseem ceeb TC4 cov qauv-muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo dua li kev xaiv rau lub zog siab dua (tab sis tsis sib haum xeeb)
2. Rau cov qauv uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias los yog lub hnub nyoog-hardening: nruj me ntsis raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "sib npaug sib npaug" txuam. Xaiv cov xaim xaim raws li cov txheej txheem alloy ntawm lub hauv paus hlau, thiab txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov vuam-xws li lub zog tensile, txias-kov zog, thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm kub-los ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam txheej txheem tsim nyog.

Vuam tsis haum rau titanium alloys yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "tsis tshua muaj kub, tsis muaj cua sov input, thiab ceev txias":

1. Lub hwj chim qhov chaw polarity: Siv ncaj qha tam sim no electrode tsis zoo (DCEN) polarity, nrog cov tungsten electrode txuas nrog lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis zoo. Tsis zoo li cov logic siv rau txhuas alloys, titanium vuam tsis xav tau cathodic tu kev txiav txim los ntawm alternating tam sim no (AC); Kev siv AC tsuas yog ua rau qhov tsis ruaj khov arc thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv roj.

2. Heat Input Control: Thaum ua kom muaj kev nkag siab txaus thiab qhov zoo ntawm weld hlaws profile, qhov qis tshaj qhov tsim nyog cov hluav taws xob tawm hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau siv. Kev siv hluav taws xob ntau dua ua rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov kub siab, uas ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau ntxiv xws li kev nqus roj (oxidation) thiab nplej coarsening.

3. Interpass Temperature Management: Tsis tas yuav tsum muaj preheating. Lub interpass kub yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj hauv qab 100 degree. Kev siv tooj liab rov qab daim hlau los pab kom txias yog pom zoo. Kev ntsuas kub sib txawv yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas siv lub ntsuas kub ntsuas; kev cia siab rau tus kheej kev paub lossis kev kwv yees tactile yog txwv tsis pub.

Siv ceriated tungsten electrodes hauv av rau tus qauv conical tip, thiab nruj me ntsis tswj cov electrode extension (stick-out) ntev. Cov kais dej txias yuav tsum tau siv rau cov ntawv thov tam sim no. Yog hais tias tungsten inclusions tshwm sim-ua los ntawm cov electrode kov lub pas dej ua ke los yog tam sim no overload-lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tag nrho los ntawm kev sib tsoo ua ntej yuav kho vuam; tsuas yog welding tshaj qhov tsis xws luag yog nruj me ntsis txwv.

Yog tias siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob (GMAW / MIG), kev hloov pauv luv luv lossis globular hloov pauv tau raug txwv, vim tias cov khoom siv titanium tawg tau yooj yim oxidize, spontaneously combust, thiab paug cov hlaws weld. Hloov chaw, hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm. Hlau-piv chais thiab hlau conduits yuav tsum yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb tsim rau titanium vuam kom tiv thaiv lub flaking ntawm tooj liab plating, uas yuav ua rau lwm yam kab mob ntawm weld seam.

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