Titaniumyog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv hlau uas tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1950s; titanium alloys yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub zog siab, zoo heev corrosion kuj, thiab kub kub kuj.
Los ntawm nruab nrab - xyoo 1960, titanium thiab nws cov alloys twb tau siv rau hauv kev lag luam dav dav rau cov ntawv thov xws li electrodes hauv kev lag luam electrolysis, condensers hauv fais fab nroj tsuag, cua sov hauv roj refining thiab desalination, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib puag ncig. Titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv corrosion-resistant. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav tshawb txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm titanium alloys.
1. Lub zog tensile
Lub zog tensile yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau hloov los ntawm cov yas deformation rau hauv cov yas deformation; nws kuj sawv cev rau qhov siab tshaj plaws load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tensile zoo li qub. Rau cov ntaub ntawv ductile, nws characterizes cov khoom tiv thaiv kom siab tshaj plaws cov yas deformation. Ua ntej tus qauv tensile ncav cuag nws qhov siab tshaj plaws tensile kev nyuaj siab, deformation yog uniform thiab zoo ib yam; Txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab no dhau lawm, cov hlau pib nthuav tawm lub caj dab, piv txwv li, hauv zos deformation. Rau cov ntaub ntawv nkig uas tsis muaj (lossis me ntsis) cov yas deformation, nws qhia txog cov khoom tawg ua haujlwm. Lub cim yog RM, thiab chav tsev yog MPa.
Tensile zog (Rm) yog hais txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv tuaj yeem tiv taus ua ntej tawg. Tam sim no, feem ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas lub zog tensile hauv Suav teb suav nrog kev siv tshuab ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb los txiav txim siab cov khoom siv tensile thiab compressive zog!
2. Yield zog
Qhov no yog hais txog qhov taw tes tawm los uas cov khoom siv hlau pib tawm los, lossis qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum ua rau me me ntawm cov yas deformation. Rau cov khoom siv hlau uas tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum tau tsim 0.2% residual deformation yog txhais raws li qhov taw tes tawm los, tseem hu ua cov ntsiab lus yield point lossis yield zog. Ib qho kev quab yuam sab nraud tshaj qhov kev txwv no yuav ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm tas mus li, uas nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los. Piv txwv li, qhov kev txwv tsis pub muaj tsawg- carbon steel yog 207 MPa; Thaum raug rau sab nraud quab yuam ntau dua qhov kev txwv no, cov khoom siv yuav raug deformation mus tas li, thaum lub zog qis dua qhov kev txwv no yuav tso cai rau cov khoom siv rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub.
Lub zog tawm los, tseem hu ua qhov txwv tawm los thiab feem ntau qhia los ntawm lub cim δs, yog tus nqi tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhov siab uas cov khoom yields.
3. Hardness
(1) Rockwell Hardness
Txoj kev no txiav txim siab hardness qhov tseem ceeb raws li qhov tob ntawm cov yas deformation hauv indentation. Ib chav tsev ntawm hardness txhais tau tias yog 0.002 millimeters. Thaum HB> 450 lossis cov qauv me dhau, Brinell hardness test tsis tuaj yeem siv, thiab Rockwell hardness ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hloov. Txoj kev no suav nrog nias lub pob zeb diamond lub khob hliav qab nrog lub kaum sab xis 120℃apex lossis lub pob steel nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.59 lossis 3.18 hli rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib qho kev thauj khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab txiav txim siab cov khoom siv hardness raws li qhov tob ntawm indentation.
2) Brinell Hardness
Brinell hardness (HB) feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv softer, xws li tsis yog -ferrous hlau thiab hlau ua ntej kev kho cua sov los yog tom qab annealing. Rockwell hardness (HRC) feem ntau yog siv rau cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj, xws li cov uas tau txais kev kho cua sov.
(3) Vickers Hardness
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab ntsuas ntawm Vickers hardness yog qhov tseem ceeb tib yam li Brinell hardness; nws kuj xam tus nqi hardness raws li qhov load rau ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub indentation. Qhov sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv lub indenter siv nyob rau hauv Vickers hardness test, uas yog lub pob zeb diamond tetrahedral pyramid.
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