Kev kho cua sov ntawmtitanium thiab titanium alloysyog txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev tswj lawv cov microstructure thiab cov khoom. Vim tias titanium reacts nkag tau nrog oxygen, nitrogen, thiab hydrogen ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab dhau mus rau theem kev hloov pauv (⇌ , nrog rau kev hloov pauv kub ntawm kwv yees li 882 degree), nws cov kev kho cua sov ua rau muaj teeb meem sib txawv.
Cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb:
1. Annealing
Feem ntau siv; Lub hom phiaj: txo kev ntxhov siab, softening, microstructural stabilization, thiab txhim kho ductility.
1) Kev ntxhov siab -relief annealing: 450-650℃, 1-4 teev, Tag nrho cov titanium alloys tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev siv tshuab / vuam; tsis muaj theem transformation tshwm sim
2) Recrystallization annealing: 680-800℃(rau + alloys hauv qab T); tom qab ua haujlwm txias; los txo kev ua hauj lwm hardening thiab restore ductility
3) Ob chav annealing: High-kub theem + qis- theem kub (piv txwv li, Gr5: 950℃/ 2 h cua txias + 530℃/ 4 h cua txias); + alloy; Refines lub microstructure, txhim kho creep kuj thiab puas toughness
4) Isothermal annealing: Tom qab cua sov, cov khoom siv tau txias sai heev rau qhov kub hauv qab T thiab tuav rau ntawd; + alloy; kom tau txais ib qho microstructure ntau dua thiab txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv
5) annealing (transformation): Saum toj no T (piv txwv li, Gr5: 1050 degree), cua -txias los yog rauv-cooled + alloy ; tsim cov qauv Widmanstätten (lub pob tawb-weave qauv), txhim kho pob txha toughness, thiab txo qhov qaug zog tawg tawm ntawm tus nqi
2. Kev kho mob thiab kev laus (STA)
Thawj txoj kev ntxiv dag zog, haum rau + thiab metastable alloys.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Tom qab siab -kev kho qhov kub thiab txias, lub alloy yog txias sai heev (dej quenching / roj quenching), ntxiab -stabilizing cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv supersaturated ' (martensite) los yog metastable . Thaum lub sij hawm aging, nplua, uniformly faib theem los yog intermetallic compounds precipitate.
3. Kev kho cua sov (Surface Hardening)
Oxygen diffusion: Ua kom tawv tawv thiab hnav tsis kam
Nitriding: Ua ib txheej TiN hardening
Boron diffusion: Tsis tshua muaj siab hardness, tab sis siab brittleness
Ion implantation: Txhim kho qhov hnav thiab corrosion kuj
Kev kho cua sov ntawm titanium yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog kev tiv thaiv huab cua los tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm ib tug deg paug txheej ( -embrittlement txheej ).
Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb hauv kev kho cua sov
1. Cua sov cua sov thiab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob
Titanium coj zoo li "tshuaj tsiaj nyaum" ntawm qhov kub thiab txias:
>400 degree: Kev nqus pa oxygen tseem ceeb, tsim txheej txheej tawv thiab tawv (Case / - rooj plaub)
>500 degree: Qhov tseem ceeb nitrogen nqus
>300 degree: Hydrogen absorption ua rau hydrogen embrittlement
Kev ntsuas:
Kev kho cua sov hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev (lub tshuab nqus tsev tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 10⁻³ Pa; rau qhov kub siab dua, Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 10⁻⁴ Pa)
Inert roj tiv thaiv (siab-purity argon; xyuas kom cov dej ntws < -50 degree)
Txheej tiv thaiv (xws li, tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv- oxidation txheej xws li Brycoat)
Pickling kom tshem tawm cov -embrittlement txheej (HF + HNO₃ tov kua qaub)
2. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Precise Control T
Cov tshuaj kho kub rau + alloys yuav tsum qis dua T (feem ntau 30-80℃qis dua); txwv tsis pub, cov nplej yuav loj hlob sai, tsim ib coarse Widmanstätten qauv, ua rau " brittleness."
T sib txawv nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg: kwv yees li 995℃rau TC4 thiab 1000℃rau TC11; kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb.
3. Txias tus nqi
Annealing: Feem ntau cua-txias los yog rauv-txias
Kev Kho Mob: Dej quenching (kom tiv thaiv -theem decomposition thiab ua tiav ib qho supersaturated microstructure)
Thaum tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional thickness tshaj 25 hli, qhov cua txias ntawm cov tub ntxhais yuav tsis txaus; quenching hardenability yuav tsum tau xav txog
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