Titanium alloy forgingyog txheej txheem nyuaj heev hauv kev ua haujlwm hlau, nyuaj dua li forging zoo tib yam steel lossis aluminium alloys. Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, uas nthuav tawm cov teeb meem nyuaj hauv tsib qhov tseem ceeb: kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau ua, tsim kev nyuaj, microstructural tswj, thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo.
Cov Teeb Meem Tseem Ceeb (Vim Li Cas Thiaj Nyuaj)
1. Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog heev (siab-kub "toxicity")
High -kub oxidation thiab hydrogen absorption: Titanium oxidizes sai dua 400℃thiab absorbs ntau cov pa oxygen, nitrogen, thiab hydrogen saum 600 degree, ua ib qho nyuaj thiab nkig -cov ntaub ntawv (cov kab mob sib kis) rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab tsim cov nkig theem sab hauv, uas ncaj qha ua rau nws tawg thiab tawg.
Kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb: Forging yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog inert gas (argon) tiv thaiv, los yog nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej ntawm iav lubricant; cua sov nyob rau hauv cov huab cua zoo tib yam yog kiag li impractical.
2. Tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity (hnyav kub qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov saum npoo thiab cov tub ntxhais)
Thermal conductivity tsuas yog 1/5 rau 1/3 ntawm cov hlau.
Tom qab lub billet raug tshem tawm ntawm lub qhov cub, qhov chaw txias heev sai heev thaum cov tub ntxhais tseem nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias gradient.
Tej yam tshwm sim: High deformation kuj thiab tsis tshua muaj plasticity ua rau tawg; overheating nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais ua rau coarse nplej; microstructure thiab deformation yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov tub ntxhais.
3. Tsis tshua muaj siab deformation tsis kam (qhov nyuaj rau "deform")
Nyob rau tib qhov kub, deformation tsis kam yog 2-3 npaug ntawm carbon hlau.
Txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias me ntsis ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kom nce siab heev.
Yam yuav tsum tau muaj: High-tonnage presses (piv txwv li, 8,000–100,000-tuj nrawm forging / tuag forging) thiab siab -lub zog, kub-resistant tuag.
4. Lub qhov rais qhib qhov rooj qhib qhov rooj qhib qhov rais (tsawg kawg rau qhov yuam kev)
Ib qho piv txwv yog
Gr5 (Ti-6Al-4V): Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog 950-1050 degree, ncua ntawm 100℃xwb.
Overheating: >1050℃→ Grain loj hlob, Widmanstätten qauv, drastic poob rau hauv cov khoom.
Undercooling:<900°C → Drastic increase in resistance, extremely high risk of cracking.
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias tsis pub dhau ± 10-20℃yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, xav tau cov qauv siab heev rau cua sov, ntsuas kub, thiab tswj.
5. Tsis zoo flowability, siab viscosity, nquag ua raws li cov pwm
High - kub titanium alloys muaj viscosity siab, ua rau hlau ntws nyuaj thiab ua rau cov kab noj hniav tsis zoo.
Lawv tsis tshua muaj siab ua rau cov pwm, uas tuaj yeem khawb qhov saum npoo thiab ua rau molding tsis ua haujlwm.
Tshwj xeeb thaum tshav kub kub-cov roj nplua nyeem thiab siab- kub preheating ntawm pwm yuav tsum tau.
6. Microstructure yog qhov rhiab heev (microstructure txiav txim siab ua tiav lossis tsis ua haujlwm)
Lub microstructure yog rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias, strain rate, thiab strain.
Cov kab mob tsis zoo (cov qauv Widmanstätten ntxhib, pob tawb-weave qauv, kev sib cais) yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kho los ntawm kev kho cua sov.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb microstructure hla cov ntu sib txawv → kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hloov pauv thiab lub neej qaug zog tsawg.
7. Kev puas tsuaj rau qhov tsis xws luag thiab ua rau tawg
Qhov loj tsis xws luag: nto tawg, sab hauv microcracks, coarse nplej los ntawm overheating, oxidation paug, microstructural segregation, nto irregularities, thiab inclusions.
Cov teeb meem me me yog ua rau kev nthuav tawm thiab tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tom ntej lossis hauv - kev ua haujlwm pabcuam.
Summary : Nws nyuaj npaum li cas?
Piv rau cov hlau zoo tib yam: 5-10 npaug nyuaj dua
Piv rau aluminium alloys: 3-5 zaug nyuaj dua
Kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam: Titanium alloy forging yog lub pob zeb zoo nkauj ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm kub thiab sawv cev rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom siab - kawg.
Tej yam yooj yim (bars, discs, rings): Nruab nrab nyuaj; haum rau ruaj khov ntau lawm.
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